What are basic access control practices relevant to inquiries?

• A. Use secure login, least privilege, role-based access, and audit trails for data access.
• B. Keep all data universally accessible.
• C. Reuse passwords across accounts.
• D. Disable logging to protect privacy.

Answer: (D)

Access control relies on verifying identity, granting only necessary privileges, organizing permissions by role, and keeping a record of who accessed what and when. Using secure login ensures identity verification; least privilege limits what a user can do; role-based access assigns rights based on responsibilities; and audit trails provide accountability by documenting access events. Together, these practices prevent unauthorized data exposure and help detect misuse. Keeping data universally accessible eliminates restrictions and increases risk; reusing passwords weakens authentication; and disabling logging removes visibility into access activity, making it impossible to audit and respond to incidents.